无花果（学名：Ficus carica Linn.）是桑科、榕属植物。落叶灌木或小乔木；高达10米，多分枝；树皮灰褐色，皮孔明显；小枝粗，叶互生，厚纸质，宽卵圆形，长宽10-20厘米，掌状3-5裂，小裂片卵形，具不规则钝齿；叶柄粗，长2-5厘米；雌雄异株，雄花和瘿花同生于一榕果内壁，雄花集生孔口，雌花花被与雄花同，花柱侧生；榕果单生叶腋，梨形，径3-5厘米，顶部凹下，熟时紫红或黄色，基生苞片3，卵形，瘦果透镜状。花果期5-7月。
功能主治：清热生津；健脾开胃；解毒消肿。主咽喉肿痛；燥咳声嘶；乳汁稀少；肠热便秘；食欲不振；消化不良，泄泻痢疾；痈肿；癣疾。
Figs (scientific name: Ficus carica Linn.) are plants of the Moraceae and Ficus genus. Deciduous shrubs or small trees; up to 10 meters high, multi-branched; bark gray-brown, with obvious lenticels; branchlets are thick, leaves alternate, thick paper, broad ovoid, 10-20 cm long and wide, palm-shaped with 3-5 lobes , Small lobes ovate, with irregular obtuse teeth; petiole thick, 2-5 cm long; dioecious, male flowers and gall flowers are born on the inner wall of a banyan fruit, male flowers gather orifices, female perianths are the same as male flowers, Style lateral; banyan solitary leaf axils, pear-shaped, 3-5 cm in diameter, concave at the top, purple or yellow when ripe, basal bracts 3, ovoid, achene lenticular. Flower and fruit period from May to July.
Functions and indications: clearing away heat and generating fluid; invigorating the spleen and appetizing; detoxification and swelling. Main throat swelling and pain; dry cough and hoarseness; sparse milk; intestinal heat and constipation; loss of appetite; indigestion, diarrhea and dysentery; carbuncle; ringworm disease.
